Activity on Laboratory

Work In Laboratory and Supervisory Control

Section2: Definitions

2.1 Teaching Laboratory

A laboratory where a group of students simultaneously receive instruction in, and perform, experimental procedures associated with a formally approved Carleton University academic course. Work in laboratory should be guide by their superior.

Guidance

2.2 Research Laboratory

A laboratory set up primarily to conduct research.

2.3 Supervisor

A supervisor is a person who has charge of a workplace or authority over a worker. (OHSA Section1(1)) At the University, this includes all faculty and staff who supervise a laboratory. Deans, Directors, Chairs and other department heads and researchers are supervisors. The department head will appoint a supervisor for each lab. This supervisor is responsible for all matters of health and safety in the lab and will keep the records pertaining to health and safety for the lab. The department head will ensure that on appointment each supervisor attends a Health and Safety for Supervisors training session provided by EHSS.

Supervisor don't use dress too interesting, or very sexy because this can disturb other lab techniciant on their working.

Beauty supervisor

2.4 Laboratory Worker/User

A laboratory worker or user is anyone, student, staff or faculty, who works as a student or for pay in a laboratory, including those who have supervisory responsibilities.

2.5 Unattended Procedures/Equipment

A procedure or piece of equipment that is left operating when no one is in the lab.

2.6 Hazardous Agent

Any physical, chemical, radioactive, or biological agent that may pose a health or safety hazard to those exposed.

Next: Supervisor Responsibility

Working in Laboratory

Working In Laboratory and Safety Tool must be use

In order to work in safety way in the laboratory, the worker must follow the procedure to work in laboratory; this procedure is as published by Occupational Health and Safety Act of Ontario (OSHA) for purpose of a laboratory.

Lab Warning

Laboratory Health and Safety Manual

Section 1: Introduction and Objectives

This manual provides a set of minimum standards and practices for the safe and healthy operation of a laboratory. Following the requirements set out in the manual will help meet the requirements of the Occupational Health and Safety Act of Ontario (OHSA) for the purposes of the operation of a laboratory. It is required reading for all laboratory supervisors, researchers, staff, and students working in research and teaching laboratories at Carleton University.

The manual was developed by Environmental Health and Safety Services (EHSS) based on the Laboratory Health and Safety Manual from the University of Western Ontario, and in consultation with faculty and staff in the Faculties of Science and Engineering, the Department of Physical Plant, and the Joint Occupational Health and Safety Committee. Revisions and updates will continue to be made. Please contact EHSS with any comments or suggestions you have about the manual.

This manual is intended to:

• Define health and safety responsibilities within the University community;
• Outline specific policy application for laboratory operation;
• Explain basic emergency procedures; and
• Provide information and standards for the healthy and safe operation of a laboratory.

The manual is not all encompassing. There are many special procedures conducted within our laboratories, which require unique health and safety precautions.
Departments will have additional procedures that apply to their own situations and work. In all cases the laboratory supervisor is ultimately responsible for teaching safe work practices and must insist upon the use of proper procedures to eliminate unnecessary hazards.

If you have any questions about how to safely undertake a task or project, ask your supervisor before you begin.

The objectives of this manual are to:

• Define who is a supervisor and who is a laboratory worker;
• Define the responsibilities of the supervisor and the laboratory worker for the safe operation of a laboratory;
• Highlight sections of the OHSA which affect the operation of a laboratory;
• Provide a standard of good laboratory safety practices which also allows the University to meet the requirements of Section 25(2)h of the OHSA, An employer shall take every precaution reasonable in the circumstances for the protection of a worker.
• Provide the general guidelines and basic rules considered the minimum for the safe operation of a laboratory at Carleton University;
• Protect all laboratory users from health and safety hazards;

Next Activity on Laboratory

Safety Equipment

Here are some list of safety equipment, more info see the safety equipment suppliers:

• Safety Shoes
• Safety body harness
• Safety belt
• Safety line
• Gas masker
• Safety helmet
• Safety Gogle
• Chemical Cloth
• Chemical Gogle
• Gloves
• Spectacles
• Safety hat
• Booth Shoes
• Flourescent Cloth
• SCBA

Placing of Ambient Monitoring Equipment

Ambient monitoring equipment can be install in around plant where you are working. To placing this equipment should follow the regulation that rule this. Usually government have guideline to placing this equipment. The government rule is not just for automatic sampler but also rule where manual sample should be taken. It follows the condition of your plant, should look the dominant wind dirrection and the spread of emission, by follow this guideline you can determine where the right position of the equipment should be placed.

On Indonesian regulation the placing of ambient monitoring should be consultated with government in order have recognize permit. Better not take any speculation for this because it already mentioned on the regulation. This may be need Government verification that usually they will come to your plant to determined together with you.

On the regulation mention this sentence:

1.3.b. Setting of Monitoring Location Setting the ambient air monitoring locations

• Consideration in determining the ambient monitoring locations include: wind direction, land use, height of chimneys, and wide dispersion of pollutants.
• Locations of monitoring point on: extreme value point, in the residential district, area of living creature lives or in specific places such as hospitals, primeval thing. Fixation of monitoring point can be performed with extreme value approach to dispersion modeling or field observations.
• On the dominant wind direction, ambient air quality monitoring point at least 2 points with an emphasis on residential areas or sensitive places. Whereas in others the wind direction at least 1 point, in setting criteria such as the location of the dominant wind direction in the picture 1.1. (Setting the sampling point distance from the industry will be determined by the Government, while the responsibility of monitoring the industry). Wind direction data can be a secondary data from the nearest station meteorologists or direct measurement in the field of data that fall into the unit at all times to one particular direction or direction of the wind at each particular time period (daily, monthly, yearly).

Confined Spaces Area

Employees who enter confined spaces while working at Cornell place themselves in significant danger if left unaware of the hazards they may encounter. Nationally, nearly one hundred workers each year are injured in confined space operations, commonly due to a lack of sufficient training. Do you know how to recognize a confined space and what procedures must be followed to perform a safe entry?

Confined spaces may include manholes, silos, storage tanks, pipelines, vaults, and duct work. Cornell’s Department of EH&S has worked to develop a Confined Space Entry Program in the understanding that University employees may be asked to perform work in these spaces. EH&S’s Confined Space training course covers OSHA regulations that govern confined spaces, hazard evaluation and elimination, air monitoring procedures, the use of safety equipment, and proper documentation. We can even survey and evaluate your facility’s confined spaces.

Confined space area as regular already signed and block for everybody to enter their place because of existing unsafe condition like may expose to dangerous gases, or can expose to fire, heat or electric shock. Basically confined space is forbidden to people who can expose directly to accident because of unsafe condition. People who must work on this area should follow the procedure of working in confined space area.

Welding Inspektor

Safety be determined by the inspection of the equipment before they use it, like on welding job. On this job welding inspector should be able to make sure that this job will work safely. Without right inspection to all the equipment related to this job, welding can be a dangerous because it can be a trigger of explosion.

Work with using fire is not simple if this working should be done on running plant. Many other fire ignition can exist on the welding location and it should be isolated first. On this condition welding job should be inspect by process engineer and also welding inspector.

On special welding job, welding inspection should be able to do by them self, worker who will do a welding job, because safety is for them. Supervisor just make sure that the welding job already safe and make sure that all equipment is on good condition. So the safety key of welding job will depend on the welder itself, the persor who perform as executor.

Some important message should be install nearby the welding house in order can be a reminder to all welder before they work.

Become an Expert of Safety Health and Environment

How to become an expert on Safety health and Environment. There are three component on this field and if you want to be an expert on the three of the mentioned subject, it may be very difficult and need long time to work and continue study.

The first thing you must know is about the rule that exist on your country, laws related to safety, laws related to health, laws related to environment. Each subject need long time to know it.

Regulation in connection to safety:

• The regulation connecting to safety like, the condition of installation of every equipment, certicate for every equipment needed, certificate needed for people who operate those equipments.
• Regulation in connection to erection a building or plant
• The needed of certified people in every field to operate the plant
• Management safety for people responsible on this field
• Certified people to manage safety

Regulation in connection to Health:

• Regulation in connection to operate health control to employee and contractors
• Certificate needed on operating health equipment
• Certified people who manage health for employee and contractors
• Regulation the facility needed
• Certified people to manage Health

Regulation in connection with Environment:

• All government regulation on how to manage environment on plant
• Reporting system in every county is different
• Communication skill to government and to environment about the plant
• Chemical knowledge that is use in all plant
• Cerfified people to manage environment

Environmental Protection Law No 32 Year 2009

This law still new and may still don't familiar with general people. This law is about Environmental Protection and Environmental Management. This regulation not actuall contain really new of regulation but some is pressed to all company must have environmental permit, such as UKL-UPL or AMDAL. The new contail may be about clear statement about sanction if any violation to environment.

On this regulation is obliged to the mining industry have environmental permit, that completed with AMDAL. In connection already have AMDAL they should make any environment permit if any this activity on their area:

• Change in form of land and lanscape
• Exploitation of nature resources, renewable and unrenewable
• Process and activity to cause environmental impact.
• Process and activity whose output would influent the preservation of the nature resources of conservation area and/or protection culture resource reserve.

Other new is about saction and penal provision. On this sanction to the environmental rule violent basically any two kind sanction, by administration saction and penal provision.

The sanction and penal provision kind then grouping by two kind violation, if anybody deliberately create environmental rule violation and accidentally make environmental rule violation. On this two kind violation will differ in the sanction and penalty.

More bigger sanction or longer penalty if anybody deliberatly make violation and also make bigger the sanction if their violation make these happen:

1. make environmental pollution
2. make environmental pollution and make people having healty disturbance
3. make environmental pollution and make people die

Safe Construction

Safe of bulding construction mean that you can construct the building of certain purpose without any accident untill finished. The accident itself can have several factor that affected to the result such as on the condition of the project, the mental phsycology of the project itself, the equipment use on the project and the other most important is a human factor.

If you build a green building mean that the building will have no accident from the beginning and with perferct planning. Build a factory building will vary with the situation on the surround of the project. You can view of several project on your place and compare with my picture below that show you how the building build with perfect planning and without any accident, even unsafe action also still there:

 

The example of unsafe action still there:

New Government Rule No 27 Year 2012

New rule release from Indonesian Government to make more enforce on implementation of Government Law No. 32 year of 2009. On this new Government Rule No. 27 year of 2012, about the sanction from against the obligation to have environmental permit.

This rule release base on the company that still don't have environmental permit even the obligation of their activity must have this permit. Even the rule have been release by Minister of Environment on February 23th, 2012, but the socialization of this rule still don't effectively to all the company. The understanding of this rule still can't fully capture by all business initiator, even by government people. Miss understanding of this rule can be a gap, and can be wrong implemented and even can be manipulate by government person.

Not all people who socialize this rule can give clear understanding of the existing rule, and what should we do with this new rule. This rule make sure that every company will operate after they get environmental permit, but for company which already operate with no environmental permit don't state on this rule. Socialization in Jakarta last time just follow by few company, only 7 company, even hundreds company in Jakarta still don't have environmental permit. What should government do facing this problem? This really hard working of government people to overcome this problem. If they really think this problem, they will not able to sleep and will very hard work to do this.

Noise Pollution

When we refer to loud noises as “deafening,” we are not just using a figure of speech. Noise is now recognized as a form of pollution that can be hazardous to human health. Our ears were simply not made to withstand constant assaults from jet planes, amplified rock music, power lawnmowers, construction sites, and household appliances.

Health Danger of Noise Pollution
Besides developing hearing problems, persons exposed to noise pollution may experience fatigue, insomnia, irritability, more accidents, and learning difficulties. Excessive noise producers’ bodily changes, including increased heart rate, digestive spasms, blood vessel constriction, and pupil dilation. In animal studies, continual noise has damage the heart, brain, liver, reproductive system, and immunological system. Noise may also be a factor in stress related disorders, including high blood pressure, peptic ulcers, weight loss, and emotional disturbances.

Recent research has also found a connection between noise and socially undesirable behavior. In one experiment, subject behaved more aggressively after being exposed to noise that they could not escape or control.

Measuring and Controlling Noise Pollution
The loudness of a sound is measured the human ear can stand. Zero decides is the lowest level of sound that a young, healthy human ear can detect. Noises at 130 decibels and higher can cause pain. Prolonged exposure to sounds at 80 decibels (and above) can destroy the delicate receptor cells of the cochlea (the spiral shaped part of the inner ear containing the auditory nerve endings) and cause permanent hearing loss.

Control of noise pollution is difficult. European countries have instituted a number of anti noise laws that appear to be successful at curbing harmful noise, and the Japanese carefully monitor the noise levels at busy interceptions in urban areas. But in the United States, where average noise levels have increased greatly in the last twenty years, few communities have dealt with the problem successfully. Industries have done better in protecting employees: Workers in high noise occupations are outfitted with special headgear, and soundproofing and wise architectural planning help to separate office workers from noisy machinery. Nevertheless, the problem is a long way from being completely solved, and insurance companies continue to pay out millions of dollars to worker who have gone deaf from exposure to excessive noise on the job.

Accident Control

Accident handling sometime complicated and can be wrong reported because the situation on the field also complex. As a regulation every contractor who work on our site should have insurance, and become the responsible of that contractor. Every contractor have been checked the fulfilness of the requirement but when the accident happened and check directly to the patient, they don't have insurance because they are not an employee of that contractor but just a subcontractor to finished the job but don't reported to safety department.

Good coordination among department on the site should be provided in order every rule and requirement can be followed. Some of the violations occurred in the site such as not using the appropriate PPE to be the cause of many accidents without them knowing it. Using PPE but don't function it also often the main cause of accident happen, such as they are bring masker but never wear, bring full body harness but not hook this equipment when they are working in height.

Construction Incident

Steel construction should be design precisely and it should be described in detail the step of steel construction. Civil engineer should consider all the sudden force changes on the structure. The force changes on the steel structure can affected by the steel construction itself or cause by external force like strong win or because of earth quake. The steel construction should consider all the above possibility, mainly while the construction still on going.

This accident also happen on my working area because Civil engineer don't consider all those possibility available on the construction. When the steel frame just install, suddenly there is a change of whether and come fast wind direct to straight to the steel construction. The wind speed may be just 20 km per hour but the total cross section hit by the wind are very wide and make the changes force direction on the steel construction, consequently the steel construction falling down because less of poles that reduce the wind force. As a civil engineer should consider these all possibility on the building while construction, in order no accident happened. Like on the below picture the steel structure while construct should be protected by several poles.